In an earlier project stormwater was collected from an urban environment, treated through electrolysis, injected into and retrieved from an acquifer, and reused for greywater irrigation…
Recycled stormwater has a range of possible uses that have different levels and types of human exposure…
Micropollutants, mixtures and transformation products in recycled water: How much do we really know?
Recycled water usually contains extremely low levels of many different chemicals…
Water supply is usually continuous, and interruptions to supply are expensive and inconvenient…
Recycling wastewater to a standard that makes it fit for use in irrigation is an efficient and cost-effective strategy for managing water resources, and has prompted the installation of separate pipe and tap reticulation systems in domestic housing schemes such as at Rouse Hill in Sydney…
The Australian water industry uses a variety of membrane processes to remove unwanted pathogens or compounds, such as salt, from source waters…
European carp have decimated native fish species in the Murray-Darling River…
Microbial pathogens are removed from source waters to make safe drinking water. Health-based targets (HBTs) refer to the quantities of pathogens that will NOT cause illness, and water treatment plants (WTPs) must ensure that the numbers of pathogens in potable water are the same or lower than the HBTs…
Disinfection is essential for removing harmful microbial pathogens and making safe drinking water but can also cause formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), some of which pose a health risk…
Water treatment plants (WTP) produce safe drinking water that does not contain harmful microscopic pathogens, but subsequent pipe-leaks or valve or hydrant malfunctions en route to the customers tap increase the risk of pathogens entering the public water supply…