Wastewater recycling uses reverse osmosis (RO) membranes to produce freshwater but this process also generates a waste stream – the reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) – which contains almost all the contaminants present in the original wastewater…
Water is disinfected to remove harmful microbes and pathogens such as cholera and typhoid…
It is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming to monitor drinking water by individually quantifying every possible polluting contaminant…